Program name: Modern Challenges in the Regulation of Land Relations: Historical and Legal Analysis
The purpose of the program: A comprehensive scientific analysis of the patterns of the history of the development of land relations, scientific study of problems based on the analysis of legislation, the practice of government agencies in land relations in historical retrospect.
Objectives:
- development of issues of historiography and history of land relations research in the territory of Northern Kazakhstan;
- consideration of issues of land relations in the historical past and modern times;
- determination of the economic essence and content of land relations in the studied region, disclosure of the features of their development in historical retrospect;
- determination of the historical stages of the formation and development of forms of land ownership and management in the region, development of proposals providing for the creation by the state of organizational conditions of management in order to realize the rights of ownership and use of land;
- preparation of a comprehensive description of the current state of development of land relations in the region, determination of the efficiency of agricultural land use, the state of land turnover, their qualitative characteristics;
- preparation of proposals to improve the economic mechanism for regulating land relations, in particular, cadastral valuation of land, land tax, rent;
- development of proposals to improve the mechanism of turnover of agricultural land, including lease relations;
- to study, based on the analysis of archival materials, the involvement of Kazakh nomads in the modernization process, which involved the creation of a qualitatively new system of administrative-territorial, socio-legal, judicial, and economic structure of the Kazakh steppe;
- to identify the results of agricultural and national policy, subjective and objective factors that have had a significant impact on this process;
- to consider the problem of peasant and Cossack colonization of the region and their consequences for the traditional Kazakh society.
The idea of the project: The program is aimed at studying the problems of regulating land relations, taking into account modern challenges through the prism of historical development (how historical changes in land policy and legislation influenced the current situation), legal mechanisms, features of regional conditions to ensure sustainability, social justice and economic development in the long term, development of scientifically based proposals and practical recommendations for the effective implementation of land decisions.
Relevance of the selected topic due to the need to ensure sustainable development of land relations in the Northern Kazakhstan due to the fact that access to land resources is one of the main elements of a sustainable way of life that has minimal impact on the environment. Kazakhstan is experiencing significant pressure on land resources due to urban growth and increased economic activity. The study is relevant in the context of optimal land distribution and conflict prevention. Land resources are the basis of (human) life support systems and provide land, energy, water and opportunities for all human activities. In fast-growing population centers, access to land is becoming an increasingly serious problem as demand for land from agriculture, industry, housing, and trade collides. In addition, rising urban land costs are preventing many people from accessing good land.
In rural areas, unsustainable land use practices such as exploitation of marginal lands, destruction of forests and exploitation of environmentally sensitive areas by business and landless rural populations lead to environmental degradation as well as reduction in peasant incomes.
Within the framework of the project, theoretical provisions for the regulation of land relations will be developed and substantiated, taking into account regional characteristics and historical realities, scientific articles will be prepared; a draft Regional Action Plan for the development of sustainable land use has been prepared, recommendations have been prepared to improve the current legislation in this area: recommendations have been prepared for the rational use of land relations, housing construction, including mechanisms for effectively managing the process of development of human settlements, environmentally and socially vulnerable areas, systems of economic instruments use and protection of land resources; practical recommendations for improving the activities of government and other bodies.
Expected results:
As a result of the implementation of the program, the following will be provided:
- introduction into scientific circulation of the results of comprehensive research used in the implementation of state policy, publication of textbooks, generalization of information on the history of land relations;
- development of methodological recommendations for the preservation, use and popularization of the historical and cultural heritage of Northern Kazakhstan for specialized organizations; development of mechanisms for introducing the archaeological heritage of Northern Kazakhstan into the tourism infrastructure of Kazakhstan and Central Eurasia;
- organization and holding of the International Scientific and Practical Conference on issues of land relations in Northern Kazakhstan with the publication of a collection of materials;
- creation of a separate website for the scientific program;
- publication of at least 4 (four) articles and (or) reviews in peer-reviewed scientific publications indexed in the Social Science Citation Index or Arts and Humanities Citation Index of the Web of Science database and (or) having a CiteScore percentile in the Scopus database of at least 25 ( twenty-five) and at least 6 (six) articles in journals recommended by Science and Higher Education Quality Assurance Committee;
- publication of 2 (two) monographs on land relations based on materials from Northern Kazakhstan: (in Kazakh, Russian), recommended by the scientific council and (or) scientific and technical council of the applicant’s organization; publication of 2 (two) textbooks on land relations in the northern region of Kazakhstan, recommended by the academic council and (or) scientific and technical council of the applicant’s organization;
- filing an application and/or obtaining patents in the Kazakh and foreign patent bureaus: at least 1 (one) copyright certificate registered with the National Institute of Intellectual Property of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
- development of scientific, technical, design documentation: 2 (two) collections of documents on issues of land relations will be prepared and published based on materials from Northern Kazakhstan in the second half of the 19th - early 20th centuries: history of development, problems and ways to solve them, recommended by the scientific council and (or) the scientific and technical council of the applicant’s organization;
- carrying out activities for the pilot implementation of the results of the program and (or) dissemination of knowledge and results obtained during the implementation of the program among potential users, the scientific community and the general public; as part of the implementation, a course of video lectures on land relations in Northern Kazakhstan will be prepared on the YouTube channel; In addition, the results of the program will be disseminated through the organization of a conference and reports on the main results of the project, and the large publication activity of the participants will expand the circle of potential users. The results of the program will be sent to government bodies for use as a basis for the development of new draft regulatory legal acts, as well as introducing changes and additions to existing regulations on the regulation of land relations and regional policy. The results of the program will be introduced into the educational process in educational programs in the areas of training “Law”, “History”, “Economics”;
- achieving other measurable results in accordance with the requirements of the competition documentation and the specifics of the project.
Scientific effect will consist of scientific study and analysis of problems in the history of the development of land relations, scientific support of state policy in the field of modern history of Kazakhstan and the creation of a system of effective comprehensive national and regional programs for the study of the history of Kazakhstan. In considering issues of land relations in the historical past and modern times. New sources on history should be identified, as well as features of the evolution and trends in the general development of land relations in Northern Kazakhstan.
Economic effect will be to identify the connection between the process of development of the national economy and the history of land relations. Also, the economic effect will consist in scientific and economic support for the efficiency of use of land resources in modern Kazakhstan. In addition, it will solve the problem of rational use of land resources in the economy of Kazakhstan. Determination of the efficiency of use of agricultural land, the state of land turnover, their qualitative characteristics; preparation of proposals to improve the economic mechanism for regulating land relations, in particular, cadastral valuation of land, land tax, rent; development of proposals to improve the mechanism for the circulation of agricultural land, including rental relations.
Social effect of the program will consist in the fact that the scientific results of the research and materials will be used to develop proposals for organizing effective public policy in land relations. Contributes to solving social problems of rural residents and especially their employment, the problem of increasing material well-being. Due to the unresolved problems related to land issues, the outflow of rural residents to cities is increasing, which increases social tension in society. Preparation of materials on the history of land relations of the period under review will reveal various aspects of the ethnic groups of our region. Study, based on the analysis of archival materials, the involvement of Kazakh nomads in the process of modernization, which involved the creation of a qualitatively new system of administrative-territorial, socio-legal, judicial, economic structure of the Kazakh steppe, identification of the results of agrarian and national policies, subjective and objective factors that had a significant impact on this process; In turn, this effect will show the process of multicultural development.
Target consumers of the results obtained: Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Committee for Land Resources Management of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan, akimats, universities, research organizations, state republican and territorial organizations and institutions.
In scientific and organizational terms, the expected results of the study will be as follows:
- issues of historiography and history of research on land relations in the territory of Northern Kazakhstan will be developed;
- Issues of land relations in the historical past and modern times will be explored;
- the economic essence and content of land relations in the region under study will be explored, the features of their development in historical retrospect will be revealed;
- the historical stages of the formation and development of forms of land ownership and management in the region will be determined, proposals will be developed providing for the creation by the state of organizational conditions for management in order to implement the rights of ownership and use of land;
- a comprehensive description of the current state of development of land relations in the region will be prepared, the efficiency of using agricultural land, the state of land turnover, and their qualitative characteristics will be determined;
- proposals will be prepared to improve the economic mechanism for regulating land relations, in particular, cadastral valuation of land, land tax, rent;
- proposals will be developed to improve the mechanism for the circulation of agricultural land, including rental relations;
- will be studied, based on the analysis of archival materials, the involvement of Kazakh nomads in the process of modernization, which involved the creation of a qualitatively new system of administrative-territorial, socio-legal, judicial, economic structure of the Kazakh steppe;
- the results of agricultural and national policies, subjective and objective factors that had a significant impact on this process will be identified;
- the problems of peasant and Cossack colonization of the region and their consequences for traditional Kazakh society will be considered;
- mechanisms for public participation in decision-making in the field of land use, the introduction of forms of land use that ensure secure land tenure for indigenous people, women, local communities of low-income urban residents and the rural poor will be explored.
- the system of agricultural land use, land use control measures, including land use planning will be studied for the purpose of more rational and environmentally sound use of limited land resources
- Efficient and accessible land markets will be explored to meet the development needs of human settlements, in particular through improved land accounting systems.
- the activities of regional and republican government bodies in the field of regulation of the relations under consideration will be studied and problems associated with the development of more advanced land use methods will be studied, providing an integrated approach to the problem of a possible conflict in demand for land for the purposes of agriculture, industry, transport, urban development, green areas, reserves and other vital needs, and contribute to their implementation.